Rayleigh Criterion⚠ unverified
Physics / Optics · Compute the minimum angular resolution from the Rayleigh criterion
Parameters
| Input | Symbol | Unit | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lambda_ | λ_ | m | 1.0 | Wavelength of the light |
| D | D | m | 1.0 | Aperture diameter |
| Output | Symbol | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| result | θmin | — | Minimum resolvable angular separation, in radians |
The science & history
Understanding the Parameters
- $\lambda$, $D$ — shorter wavelength or larger aperture → finer resolution.
- $\theta_{\min}$ — in radians; convert to arcseconds for astronomy ($\times 206265$).
Derivation (Approaching a Proof)
Airy disk first zero at $1.22\lambda/D$ from the centre (circular Fourier diffraction). Rayleigh’s criterion sets that angular separation as the resolution limit.
History
Lord Rayleigh’s resolution criterion remains the standard diffraction-limit benchmark.
Related Concepts: Numerical Aperture, Diffraction Single Slit, Diffraction Grating
Notes: Registry calculator rayleigh-criterion (unverified). Circular aperture; incoherent sources.